Illinois State Water Survey

blog posts

• No, we're not running out of water, but...

  Apr 21, 2011 3:15 pm

  I recently received a newsletter that talked about something that has bothered me from time to time. I cant tell you how often I hear knowledgeable people, environmentalists and journalists usually, say that were running out of water. Were not running out of water. We cant run out of water. For all intents and purposes, we have a constant amount of water on this planet; we cant destroy water or make new water (at least in amounts that would make any kind of difference). The hydrologic cycle is a closed loop. Its one of the primary differences between the energy crisis and the water crisis; when we use oil or coal or natural gas, we really do use it up, ultimately converting it to carbon dioxide and water, and we really are running out of fossil fuels.

• The First Arsenic Post

  Mar 9, 2011 2:15 pm

  Arsenic is one of the most common natural contaminants of groundwater in Illinois, and weve done several studies on it, so I anticipate Ill be writing a lot of posts about it on this blog. I was prompted to write one today because of the recent discovery of a high arsenic area near Champaign. As was reported in our local paper, The News Gazette, Sunday February 28, 2011, a domestic well in Tolono that was recently sampled had an arsenic concentration of about 300 ug/L, about 30 times the drinking water standard of 10 ug/L (equivalent to 10 ppb), and the highest arsenic level Ive ever seen in Illinois. By 50%!

• Cholera and Water Quality (revisited)

  Feb 22, 2011 2:15 pm

  A couple of months ago I posted about the cholera outbreak in Haiti, and how we in the U.S. dont have to worry much about that and other water-borne diseases due to our sanitation. A recent letter to the journal Nature makes the point that a disconnect between the medical community and hydrogeologists and other water experts will not be a long-term solution for Haiti.

• Fluoride

  Feb 4, 2011 4:45 pm

  A recent article in our local paper caught my eye; it reported that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services was recommending lowering the amount of fluoride in drinking water. The reason is that many of us are getting additional fluoride from other dental products (toothpaste, mouthwash), and too much fluoride is not a good thing.

• Karst Springs and Water Quality

  Jan 24, 2011 4:00 pm

  A couple of weeks ago I was at a conference dedicated to sinkholes held in St. Louis. About 100 engineers and geoscientists from a total of 14 or 15 countries gathered to discuss issues related to sinkholes in various geologic settings, but primarily limestone karst.

• Some Good News on Nitrate, from Denmark

  Jan 6, 2011 3:00 pm

  With the possible exception of arsenic, nitrate is the most widespread pollutant of groundwater. Unlike arsenic, which is primarily a naturally occurring contaminant, elevated nitrate concentrations are almost always due to human activities, primarily in agricultural settings. Tilling of soil, application of synthetic fertilizers, and livestock manure are the primary sources of nitrate. As all residents of Illinois surely know, there is a lot of agricultural activity in the state, mainly corn and soybeans. And because of this, there are surface water and shallow groundwater resources in Illinois that suffer from excess nitrate (and other forms of nitrogen).

• Detection Limits

  Dec 17, 2010 4:15 pm

  One of the major advances in water quality studies is the improvement in analytical techniques, both in the lab and the field, but especially in the lab. When I first started in this field, detection limits were usually in the low parts per million (ppm), but parts per billion (ppb) detection limits were starting to become typical for many ions and compounds. Now for some analyses detection limits are being reported in parts per trillion (ppt) with regularity, an increase in detection of 1000 times or more in just a couple of decades. Were finding things in water we were unable to detect before, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). Something new to worry about! But what does it mean to be detecting compounds at those levels?

• Cholera and Water Quality

  Dec 3, 2010 3:30 pm

  The recent outbreak of cholera in Haiti is a serious health crisis, infecting more than 70,000 people and resulting in the deaths of more than 1600 as of December 1, 2010. Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholera, and causes severe diarrhea. If detected quickly, it is easily treatable. The cause of the outbreak is still unknown, although it has been linked to Nepalese soldiers who are part of the relief forces for the massive earthquake in January of this year. The ultimate cause is poor sanitation leading to contaminated water supplies, because people get cholera from ingesting contaminated water or food.

• Mountain Top Removal

  Nov 23, 2010 10:15 am

  Mountain top removal, i.e., stripping off the tops of mountains to mine coal, is not an issue in Illinois, but I grew up in Kentucky and its been a big controversy there and other Appalachian states for a long time. Its hard to believe that there was ever any doubt that mountain top removal polluted surface waters, but thats what some mining industry groups would have us believe. Recent studies put to bed those doubts.

• Nano-particles

  Nov 12, 2010 10:15 am

  At the recent Geological Society of America (GSA) annual meeting in Denver, Mike Hochella, a geochemist at Virginia Tech, gave a couple of talks about nano-particles, an area of research he thinks is the next big thing in the geosciences. In fact, he thinks understanding them is a key to understanding the workings of many major Earth systems in a fundamental way.